Smoking cessation may improve anxiety @ יואל קסלר
In this post – "Smoking cessation may improve anxiety @ יואל קסלר" at יואל קסלר . קום we present new data recently published in JAMA Network that smoking cessation may decrease anxiety in both patients with and without mental health disorders. The abstract of the article is printed below. The full article can be found here.
בפוסט זה – "הפסקת עישון עשויה לשפר את החרדה @ יואל קסלר" אצל יואל קסלר . קום אנו מציגים נתונים חדשים שפורסמו לאחרונה כי הפסקת עישון עשויה להפחית חרדה אצל חולים עם ובלי הפרעות נפשיות. תקציר המאמר מודפס להלן. את המאמר המלא ניתן למצוא כאן.
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Smoking Cessation and Changes in Anxiety and Depression in Adults With and Without Psychiatric Disorders
Angela Difeng Wu, MSc1; Min Gao, PhD1; Paul Aveyard, PhD1; et alGemma Taylor, PhD2
Author Affiliations Article Information
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2316111. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.16111
Question Is smoking cessation associated with changes in anxiety and depression for adults living with and without psychiatric disorders?
Findings In this cohort study of 4260 adults, smoking cessation was associated with significant improvements in anxiety and depression among people with and without psychiatric disorders.
Meaning These findings suggest that smoking cessation does not appear to worsen and may improve mental health outcomes.
Abstract
Importance Although many people report a desire to quit smoking, concerns about mental health worsening after quitting are often raised by clinicians and people who smoke.
Objective To assess changes in mental health following smoking cessation using 3 confirmatory coprimary analytical approaches.
Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study was conducted using data from a large, randomized clinical trial, the Evaluating Adverse Events in a Global Smoking Cessation Study. Analytical approaches included multivariable Tobit regression, propensity score adjustment, and instrumental variable regressions conducted from August to October 2022. Missing data were imputed for sensitivity analysis. The trial occurred in 16 countries at 140 centers between 2011 and 2015. Only data from participants who completed the trial collected in the US were available for this secondary analysis. Participants included adults with or without a psychiatric disorder who smoked.
Exposure Smoking abstinence between weeks 9 through 24.
Main Outcomes and Measures Anxiety and depression scores were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at 24 weeks, where a lower score indicates better mental health (range, 0-21).
Results Of the 4260 participants included (mean [SD] age, 46.5 [12.4] years; 2485 women [58.3%]; 3044 White individuals [71.5%]), 2359 (55.4%) had a history of mental illness. The mean (SD) baseline Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale score was 4.25 (3.68) (median [IQR], 3 [1-6]) for anxiety and 2.44 (2.91) (median [IQR], 1 [0-4]) for depression. After adjustment for demographics and baseline variables, smoking cessation was associated with a decrease in scores for both anxiety (−0.40 point; 95% CI, −0.58 to −0.22 point) and depression (−0.47 point; 95% CI, −0.61 to −0.33 point) compared with continuing smoking. Similarly, propensity score–adjusted models indicated that smoking cessation was associated with reduced scores for anxiety (β = −0.32; 95% CI, −0.53 to −0.11) and depression (β = −0.42; 95% CI, −0.60 to −0.24). Instrumental variable analysis was underpowered, and estimates were imprecise. Findings were robust to planned sensitivity and subgroup analyses, with larger effect sizes in people with a history of mental illness.
Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of people with and without psychiatric disorders, smoking cessation, sustained for at least 15 weeks, was associated with improved mental health outcomes in observational analyses, but the instrumental variable analysis provided inconclusive evidence. Findings like these may reassure people who smoke and their clinicians that smoking cessation likely will not worsen and may improve mental health."
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